Difference between Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

In this article we are going to see the difference between two important terms in emerging computer science. We are talking about machine learning and artificial intelligence. Some of you may feel that these two terms are similar, aren’t they ? Not your fault actually these two terms are used interchangeably from time to time. But they aren’t the same and we will see all the differences between them in this article.

Artificial Intelligence word is made up of Artificial and Intelligence, Intelligence is the ability of a human to perform a specific task, so Artificial Intelligence is the field of computer science which work on developing systems which are able to perform work like taks. Artificial Intelligence does not the system to be pre programmed however they are given algorithms which are able to learn on their own intelligence. 

Based on the capabilities of performance AI can be classified mainly into 3 types: 

• Weak AI
  • Generally having low intelligence (learning ability)
• General AI
  • System with medium intelligence which can master only one task.
• Strong AI 
  • The future of AI

Based on the functionalities AI can be classified into 4 main types: 

• Reactive Machine 
  • Machine which are just able to react to some actions. E.g. Google’s AlphaGo which can play board games.

• Limited Memory
  • These systems are capable of storing data and then planning strategy accordingly. E.g. Self-Driven cars

• Theory of mind
  • Theses systems will be able to depict human thoughts.

• Self awareness
  • Future of AI.

On the other hand Machine Learning is the ability of machines to learn on their own without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning algorithms generally uses previous data and try to generate knowledge based on that data. Machine learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence

which is using techniques which can be learned from past data. Machine learning can be classified into three main categories.

• Supervised learning
  • Generating function which maps input to output from known input output pairs.

• Unsupervised learning
  • Generating functions from unlabeled data

• Reinforcement learning
  • Taking suitable actions to maximize rewards

Difference between Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Artificial Intelligence	Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence is concerned with developing human intelligence into computer systems.	Machine Learning is concerned with extracting knowledge from the data previously available.
Artificial intelligence is about maximizing success.	Machine learning is about maximizing accuracy.
Artificial Intelligent systems are expected to give human like behaviour for various tasks.	Machine learning models are trained for a particular task from the previously available data for the task
AI has wide scope in day to day applications.	Machine learning has comparatively limited scope.
AI learns from reasoning and self-correction.	Machine learning just from self-correction.
Decision making is involved in AI.	Decision making not involved.
E.g. Applications like Siri, Google Assistant are using AI.	E.g. Applications like Google lens (OCR) uses Machine learning.

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